A debt-to-income (DTI) ratio compares a person’s or household’s total monthly debt payments to their gross monthly income. It’s often used by lenders to assess a borrower’s ability to manage additional debt and make loan payments. The DTI ratio is expressed as a percentage and is calculated using the following formula:
DTI Ratio = (Total Monthly Debt Payments / Gross Monthly Income) * 100
Here’s how it works:
Total Monthly Debt Payments: This includes all monthly debt obligations, such as mortgage or rent payments, car loans, student loans, credit card minimum payments, and other outstanding debts.
Gross Monthly Income: This is your total income before any taxes or deductions, such as wages, salaries, bonuses, rental income, and any other sources of income.
For example, if your total monthly debt payments amount to $1,500 and your gross monthly income is $5,000, your DTI ratio would be:
DTI Ratio = ($1,500 / $5,000) * 100 = 30%
In general, a DTI ratio below 36% is considered favorable for most loans, including mortgages. A DTI ratio between 37% and 49% may indicate a moderate level of debt but still be acceptable for some loans. A DTI ratio above 50% suggests a higher level of debt compared to income and may make it challenging to qualify for certain loans.